Japan is home to over 27,000 hot springs, or onsen, making it a haven for those looking to relax and rejuvenate. From the bustling city of Tokyo to the remote mountains of Hokkaido, there are onsen to be found all over the country. Each onsen has its own unique characteristics, from the temperature of the water to the minerals it contains. Whether you’re looking for a romantic getaway or a family-friendly experience, there’s sure to be an onsen in Japan that’s perfect for you.
In this article, we’ll take a look at some of the most popular onsen locations in Japan, as well as the different types of onsen that are available. We’ll also provide some tips on how to choose the right onsen for you.
So whether you’re planning your next trip to Japan or simply dreaming of a relaxing getaway, read on to learn more about Onsen and discover the perfect one for you. What’s not to love? The idea of soaking in a naturally heated outdoor lake seems relaxing right? Maybe you’d like to be indoors? Either way, Japan has exactly what you need; the Onsen.
A Brief History of Onsens
Dating back at least 3,000 years, the use of onsens in Japan has been the key to cleansing the body and mind for generations, and hence is the core of Japanese relaxation, acting as a place of healing but also connection with others.
There are over 27,000 hot springs in Japan, and the fact that there are over 3,000 onsen towns and 20,000 onsens across the country really highlights the importance of these springs.
One key factor in the onsens’ success is the natural remedies and healing qualities the spring water is said to possess.
Ranging from scientifically proven benefits such as improving blood circulation and metabolism, to beliefs that the minerals in the water can heal ailments such as arthritis and diabetes, it is clear that there is a deep-rooted appreciation for the soothing effect the springs have.
Types of Onsen
An important point to note is that there are actually different types of onsen. Here is a quick run-through:
Sento
Man-made onsens, usually found in the centres of cities or in areas where there are lower concentrations of hot springs. These baths are indoors, and the water is simply heated rather than pumped from a spring. This is actually quite a popular choice amongst the Japanese, as Sentos tend to have little communities within themselves as people pay membership fees.
Rotenburo
The classic outdoor, natural hot spring onsens that offer the authentic bathing experience as well as stunning views.
Uchiburo
A sort of in between Sentos and Rotenburos, as they are indoors in bathhouses but still use the hot springs to fill the baths. This is the most common type of onsen.
Sunaburo and Ashiru (sand baths and foot baths)
Slightly different hot spring-related experiences, so be sure to explore all of the possible opportunities.
1. Kusatsu Onsen Town (Gunma Prefecture)

Image credit: Kusatsu Onsen
This world-renowned onsen complex, Kusatsu Onsen, is categorized as a Rotenburo, offering an authentic bathing experience with its outdoor, natural hot spring setting. It is said to ‘cure every sickness except lovesickness’ and is one of the most popular onsens in Japan. With its stunning views and naturally heated water, Kusatsu provides a perfect blend of relaxation and scenic beauty. For more information, visit the official Kusatsu Onsen website.
Located in Gunma prefecture, Kusatsu Onsen is not too far from Tokyo or Yokohama, making it an accessible destination for a day trip or a longer stay. Gunma Prefecture is renowned for its natural beauty, encompassing mountainous regions, lush forests, and numerous hot springs.
The area is a haven for outdoor enthusiasts, offering activities such as hiking, skiing, and exploring the scenic landscapes. Gunma is also famous for its traditional crafts and local cuisine, providing visitors with a rich cultural experience alongside the rejuvenating benefits of its hot spring waters.
How to Get There from Tokyo
To reach Kusatsu Onsen from Tokyo, follow these directions:
- Take the JR Hokuriku Shinkansen from Tokyo Station to Takasaki Station.
- At Takasaki, transfer to the JR Agatsuma Line and travel to Naganohara-Kusatsuguchi Station.
- From Naganohara-Kusatsuguchi Station, board a bus that will take you directly to Kusatsu Onsen.
The entire journey takes approximately 3 hours, offering a scenic and comfortable ride.
Once there, you can spend the day strolling the local streets and bathing in multiple free admission onsens. The local streets are lined with charming shops and cafes where you can enjoy delicious food. In the winter, nearby skiing locations provide additional activities, while summer offers hiking trails, making a trip here ideal for a couple of days.
2. Beppu Onsen Town (Oita Prefecture)

Image credit: Beppu Onsen
It’s true that all of these locations have been towns rather than individual onsens and Beppu is no exception! It is actually quite unusual to find singular onsens. This is because hot springs are usually found in groups. The exception of course is the “artificial” Sento. A truly unforgettable and picturesque experience, Beppu onsen is a must-visit location on your trip to Japan, widely regarded as the best onsen town in Japan. For more information, visit the official Beppu Onsen website.
With multiple onsen complexes and outdoor public baths, as well as naturally heated sand and mud baths, Beppu has it all! Beppu city even has wisps of steamy smoke rising over the skyline as the onsens bubble away.
You can take a tour of the ‘hells of Beppu’: 7 unique hot springs for viewing only, as they reach temperatures of over 210℉ (100℃). In fact, you can buy snacks baked in the heat, such as boiled eggs or steamed pudding! The entrance fee is only 100 JPY, and sand bathing is 1,030 JPY.
How to Get There from Tokyo
To reach Beppu Onsen from Tokyo, follow these directions:
- Take the JR Tokaido/Sanyo Shinkansen from Tokyo Station to Kokura Station.
- At Kokura, transfer to the Sonic limited express train and travel to Beppu Station.
The entire journey takes approximately 5-6 hours, providing a comfortable and scenic ride through Japan’s beautiful landscapes.
Once there, you can explore the city, enjoy the various onsen facilities, and indulge in local cuisine. Beppu offers a unique blend of relaxation and adventure, making it an ideal destination for a memorable getaway.
3. Yufuin Onsen Town (Oita Prefecture)

Image credit: The Official Kyushu Travel Guide
Yufuin Onsen offers a delightful blend of Uchiburo and Rotenburo experiences. Nestled in a picturesque setting, this onsen provides both indoor baths that utilize natural hot spring water and outdoor baths that allow guests to soak while enjoying the stunning views of Mount Yufu. This combination makes Yufuin an ideal destination for those seeking relaxation and natural beauty.
For more information, visit the official Kyushu Travel Guide website.
Oita Prefecture, located in the northeastern part of Kyushu, is renowned for its abundant hot springs, making it a top destination for onsen enthusiasts. The region is home to some of Japan’s most famous onsen towns, including Beppu and Yufuin, offering a variety of hot spring experiences from traditional ryokans to modern spa resorts. Oita’s natural beauty is complemented by its rich cultural heritage, with historic temples, shrines, and local festivals providing a glimpse into the area’s past. Visitors can also enjoy regional delicacies such as Bungo beef and fresh seafood, making Oita Prefecture a perfect blend of relaxation, culture, and gastronomy.
Yufuin has many stores, museums and cafes, so you can’t get bored and can comfortably spend the whole day in the area. Ryokans are open throughout the town at most times of day during most seasons.
How to Get There from Tokyo
To reach Yufuin Onsen from Tokyo, follow these directions:
- Take the JR Tokaido/Sanyo Shinkansen from Tokyo Station to Hakata Station.
- At Hakata Station, transfer to the JR Kyudai Main Line and travel to Yufuin Station.
The entire journey takes approximately 5-6 hours, providing a scenic and comfortable ride through the beautiful landscapes of Kyushu.
Once there, you can explore the charming town, enjoy the various onsen facilities, and indulge in local cuisine. Yufuin offers a unique blend of relaxation and culture, making it an ideal destination for a memorable getaway.
4. Yamanouchi Monkey Onsens (Nagano Prefecture)

Image credit: Jigokudani Yaenkoen
Nagano Prefecture, located in central Japan, is renowned for its stunning natural landscapes, including the majestic Japanese Alps. This region is a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts, offering activities such as skiing, hiking, and exploring scenic trails. Nagano is also famous for its rich history, traditional culture, and delicious local cuisine, including soba noodles and apples. With its numerous hot springs and onsens, Nagano provides a perfect blend of relaxation and adventure, making it an ideal destination for travelers seeking both peace and excitement.
Yamanouchi Monkey Onsens falls under the category of Rotenburo, offering an authentic outdoor hot spring experience. Visitors can enjoy the natural beauty of the surroundings while observing the playful Japanese Macaques as they soak in the warm waters. This unique onsen provides a rare opportunity to connect with nature and wildlife in a serene setting. For more information, visit the official Jigokudani Monkey Park website.
Also, this is the habitat of the Japanese Macaque which, if you dare, you can bathe with. Alternatively, just enjoy watching as they lay in and around the onsens.
How to Get There from Tokyo
To reach the Yamanouchi Monkey Onsens from Tokyo, follow these directions:
- Take the JR Hokuriku Shinkansen from Tokyo Station to Nagano Station.
- At Nagano Station, transfer to the Nagano Dentetsu Line and travel to Yudanaka Station.
- From Yudanaka Station, board a bus or take a taxi to the Jigokudani Monkey Park, where the onsens are located.
The entire journey takes approximately 4 hours, offering a scenic view of Japan’s beautiful landscapes.
Once there, you can enjoy the unique experience of watching the Japanese Macaques as they relax in the hot spring waters, surrounded by the stunning natural beauty of the region.
Here’s a short clip of the monkeys relaxing in the springs:

These four onsens are just a short list of hundreds of wonderful bathing experiences you can have during your trip to Japan, at a reasonably cheap price.
As long as you book beforehand and respect the onsens and fellow bathers, there is no doubt you’ll be left wanting to soak in these hot springs again and again.
5. Nozawa Onsen Town (Nagano Prefecture)

Image Credit: Shaper Retreats
Nozawa Onsen offers a charming blend of Uchiburo and Rotenburo experiences. Nestled in a traditional Japanese village, this onsen provides both indoor baths that utilize natural hot spring water and outdoor baths that allow guests to soak while enjoying the scenic beauty of the surrounding mountains. This combination makes Nozawa an ideal destination for those seeking relaxation and a touch of authentic Japanese culture.
For more information, visit the official Nozawa Onsen website.
Nagano Prefecture, located in central Japan, is renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, including the majestic Japanese Alps. This region is a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts, offering activities such as skiing, hiking, and exploring scenic trails. Nozawa Onsen is particularly famous for its ski resort, which attracts visitors from around the world during the winter season. The village itself is steeped in history, with traditional architecture and local festivals that provide a glimpse into the area’s rich cultural heritage.
Nozawa Onsen is also known for its delicious local cuisine, including specialties like oyaki dumplings and nozawana pickles, which can be enjoyed at the many quaint eateries and cafes throughout the town. Visitors can comfortably spend the whole day exploring the charming streets, soaking in the various onsen facilities, and indulging in the local flavors.
How to Get There from Tokyo
To reach Nozawa Onsen from Tokyo, follow these directions:
- Take the JR Hokuriku Shinkansen from Tokyo Station to Iiyama Station.
- At Iiyama Station, transfer to a bus bound for Nozawa Onsen.
The entire journey takes approximately 3-4 hours, providing a scenic and comfortable ride through the beautiful landscapes of Nagano.
Once there, you can explore the traditional village, enjoy the various onsen facilities, and indulge in local cuisine. Nozawa Onsen offers a unique blend of relaxation and adventure, making it an ideal destination for a memorable getaway.
6. Tsubame Onsen (Niigata Prefecture)

Image credit: JNTO
Tsubame Onsen offers a unique blend of rustic charm and natural beauty, providing an authentic Rotenburo experience. Nestled in the serene mountains of Niigata Prefecture, this onsen allows guests to soak in open air baths while taking in the breathtaking views of the lush forested landscape. The tranquil setting and mineral-rich hot spring water make Tsubame an ideal destination for those seeking relaxation and a connection with nature.
For more information, visit the JNTO’s page on Tsubame Onsen.
Niigata Prefecture, located on the west coast of Honshu, is renowned for its picturesque landscapes and abundant natural resources. This region is a haven for outdoor enthusiasts, offering activities such as hiking, skiing, and exploring the scenic trails of the Myoko-Togakushi Renzan National Park. Tsubame Onsen is particularly famous for its secluded location and rejuvenating hot springs, which attract visitors looking to unwind and escape the hustle and bustle of city life.
Tsubame Onsen is also known for its delicious local cuisine, including specialties like koshihikari rice and fresh seafood, which can be savored at the cozy inns and eateries in the area. Visitors can spend the day exploring the natural surroundings, soaking in the therapeutic onsen waters, and enjoying the local flavors.
How to Get There from Tokyo
To reach Tsubame Onsen from Tokyo, follow these directions:
- Take the JR Hokuriku Shinkansen from Tokyo Station to Joetsumyoko Station.
- At Joetsumyoko Station, transfer to a local bus bound for Tsubame Onsen.
The entire journey takes approximately 3-4 hours, offering a scenic and comfortable ride through the beautiful landscapes of Niigata.
Once there, you can immerse yourself in the serene atmosphere, enjoy the various onsen facilities, and indulge in local cuisine. Tsubame Onsen offers a unique blend of relaxation and natural beauty, making it an ideal destination for a memorable getaway.
Conclusion
Japan’s onsen culture offers a unique and enriching experience for both locals and visitors alike. From the bustling streets of Tokyo to the serene landscapes of Nagano, the country boasts an impressive array of hot springs, each with its own distinct charm and health benefits. Whether you choose to soak in the open air baths of Kusatsu, explore the vibrant onsen towns of Beppu and Yufuin, or enjoy a relaxing dip alongside playful monkeys in Yamanouchi, there’s an onsen experience to suit every preference.
The rich history and cultural significance of onsens in Japan highlight their importance as a place of relaxation, healing, and community. As you plan your journey through this captivating country, be sure to include a visit to one or more of these remarkable hot spring destinations. Immerse yourself in the soothing waters, indulge in local delicacies, and take in the breathtaking views that make Japan’s onsen culture truly unforgettable.
So pack your towel, leave your worries behind, and embark on a rejuvenating adventure that will leave you refreshed and inspired. Remember to respect the local customs and enjoy the tranquil moments that only an onsen can provide. Happy soaking!
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